The brutal execution of 17 Tamil workers of the French NGO ACF last week in Muttur has made for a sombre week here in Ampara. The presumption that as NGO workers we had a certain immunity from the violence has been shattered and has us all concerned. We seem to be the only ones who are, the rest of the world is clearly focused on Lebanon while to normal Sri Lankans it is just the latest in a cycle of violence that has seen 800 people killed since I arrived here in January. The event has not been widely covered in the local press and when we held a meeting with our local senior staff to discuss the effect on staff morale and their security we were greeted with a universal shrug of the shoulders. Par for the course in Sri Lanka. As if to prove the point 5 days after the ACF killings 50 civilians were killed by government bombardments in the same area. The fact that the latest upsurge in violence was sparked by the closure of a sluice gate in an irrigation canal further hammers home the insanity of it all.
I’ve read a lot about Sri Lanka in the past 7 months in an attempt to get my head around what is going on here. The ferocity of the killings by both sides in the 80’s and 90’s which has left over 60,000 dead shocked me and I can’t say I’m any closer to understanding it so I won’t even attempt to try and explain the political situation. For anyone who is interested the BBC website,South Asia section, is as good a place as any to brush up on the facts. In 2002 a ceasefire was brokered between the Sinhalese Government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (the LTTE or Tamil Tigers). It has left the island divided along the battle lines as of that date with the LTTE controlling a large section of the north and east of the island. GOAL does not operate in any of the LTTE controlled areas. Batticoloa is a town 35kms north of our office in Sainthamaruthu and is the nearest real flashpoint to us. Unlike most of our fellow NGO workers in Ampara who have offices there and travel there regularly, we are banned from going there. So while we are close to the frontline, it feels like a world away. It’s like living in Dublin in the 80’s and being concerned about what is going on in South Armagh.
I detest guns and am always very uncomfortable in their presence. When I came here first I couldn’t get used to the amount of guns I see on a day to day basis. Every day we pass through several heavily fortified checkpoints and pass several foot patrols as we commute from Ampara, which is Sinhalese, to the coast which is Muslim/Tamil. We are kept informed as to what is happening via text messages which are passed through a network of all the NGO’s. So on a daily basis we get notified of the shooting, bombings and other incidents happening in this part of the country. Again I found this unsettling at first but you learn that it is better to know than not to know and your safety is increased by you being well informed. For instance our route to Kandy was changed two months ago. The old route had a section with numerous army/police camps which were subject to several night time attacks in a short space of time. So we now take another route. Likewise when going to Arugam Bay, the beach resort 2 hours from here , we take an inland route rather than the more dangerous coastal one. At times we ere some much on the side of caution it’s infuriating but I guess that’s why in 29 years GOAL has only lost one expat , and she was killed in a plane crash.
One of the difficulties is that it hard to get a straight answer here. The media here is quite appalling, the quality of journalism is very low and is little more than propaganda by both sides. The Colombo based newspapers report the government side while Tamilnet puts forward the LTTE viewpoint. This weeks events are a good example, both sides blames the other for the ACF killings, both sides claim that it they who reopened the sluice gate and while the LTTE say they pulled out of Muttur , the government say they drove them out. Who to believe ? We have to read the BBC website in order to try and get the real story. Not putting forward the government view is frowned upon and the BBC has been heavily criticised in Colombo for it’s reporting as it tries to be impartial. Likewise the NGO community is criticised in the Colombo media as we don’t discriminate and just help those who need it. One of the reasons the East was so badly affected by the tsunami is that it had endured years of neglect of investment and government assistance. So an impoverished section of society then got walloped by a natural disaster. The fact that we are here helping to rebuild the lives of Tamils and Muslims means that in their eyes we support the LTTE which is of course a nonsense.
The violence affects our work in several ways. Our contractors find it difficult to get labourers to come to this area so all our sites are understaffed and progress is slow. Then there is the hartals, or strikes. Whenever there an “incident” a general strike is called and all businesses in a town or area shut down. So when over 60 Sinhalese civilians were killed in a landmine attack on a public bus (we are banned from using public transport) a few months ago, there was a hartal in Ampara. Last week to protest the killing of Muslims in Muttur , Sainthamaruthu and other coastal Muslim areas had a hartal. In that situation we sit tight in the house until we know what is going on. Our head of security uses his police and local contacts to evaluate the situation and decide if it is safe to travel or not. So you get up at your normal time, hang around the house for up to 2 hours before you finally get word. Invariably you end up housebound for the day. Again we ere on the side of caution, if all other businesses close down , it is in your best interest to close down too. We have lost a lot of working days this way.
Back to the ACF killings. There was plans to hold a silent walk by the NGO community in Ampara last Friday . It prompted a lot of debate as to the appropriateness of it amongst us but that proved to be a mute point as the police in the end said that only international staff could walk, which given that it was local staff that were killed would have made a nonsense of it all. We instead had a memorial service in the UN office in Ampara hosted by the staff of the local ACF office. An altar was set up with framed A4 sized photo’s of the 17 victims. It was chilling sitting there thinking of those people wearing ACF tshirts in an ACF compound being made to lie face down in a line and executed. There is no doubt that they were deliberately targeted but as to why and by whom we may never know. The strongest suspicion at the moment seem to point at the government side but it’s hard to know.
Thanks to all for you mails of concern during the week. It’s been a difficult week but be assured we are well informed and looked after and kept away from danger as much as is feasibly possible.